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Analytical Instrumentation MCQ Question Set 10

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1. In Diffractometers, line intensities depend on ______ and kind of atomic reflection centres in each set of plates.




2. In Diffractometers, the intensities of the diffraction peaks of a given compound in a mixture are proportional to the fraction of the material in the mixture.




3. In powder diffractometer, the sharpness of the lines is greatly determined by which of the following?




4. Absorption meter is _____ and _____of the chemical state of the element concerned.




5. X-ray absorption meters have which of the following major disadvantages?




6. The applications of X-ray absorption meters are limited when compared with X-ray emission procedures.




7. In absorption meter, which of the following is placed between the cell and the X-ray tube?




8. In absorption meter, which of the following is placed between the chopper and the reference cell?




9. In absorption meter, the two halves of the X-ray beam are allowed to fall on which of the following components?




10. The photomultiplier tube used is absorption meter is coated with which of the following materials?




11. In absorption meter, which of the following is adjusted until the absorption of two X-ray beams are brought into balance?




12. In absorption meter, the change in thickness of aluminium required for different samples is a function of the difference in which of the following parameters?




13. Absorption meters cannot be used to detect broken bones.




14. If the absorption of electromagnetic radiation by matter results in the emission of radiation of the same or longer wavelengths for a long or a short time, the phenomenon is termed as which of the following?




15. If the absorption of electromagnetic radiation by matter results in the emission of radiation of the same or longer wavelengths for a short time, the phenomenon is termed as which of the following?




16. If the absorption of electromagnetic radiation by matter results in the emission of radiation of the same or longer wavelengths for a long time, the phenomenon is termed as which of the following?




17. Prompt emission of X-ray by an atom ionised by a higher energy X-ray is a type of which of the following phenomena?




18. The measurement of intensity of fluorescent X-rays provide a simple and _______ way of ______ analysis.




19. The energy of the emitted X-rays depends upon the _________ of the atom and their intensity depends upon the _____




20. Which of the following is Mosely’s equation if ‘C’ is the speed of light, ‘a’ is proportionality constant, ‘σ’ is a constant which depends on electronic transition series, ‘Z’ is the atomic number and ‘λ’ is the wavelength?




21. The problem of spectral interference is not severe in X-ray spectroscopy.




22. In X-ray fluorescence spectrometer, the relationship between the excitation intensity and the intensity of fluorescence does not depend on which of the following?




23. Fluorescent X-ray spectrometers would require only moderate-intensity X-ray tubes.




24. Which of the following components of the X-ray fluorescent spectrometer induces fluorescent radiation?




25. Why is a mono-energetic radiation source required in X-ray fluorescent spectrometer?




26. Which of the following does not make the X-ray tube nearly monochromatic?




27. Which of the following components make use of a thin metal foil to isolate a nearly mono-energetic excitation beam?




28. Energy dispersive system uses which of the following detectors?




29. In Energy dispersive system, the energy level and the number of pulses is related to which of the following?




30. The analysis of X-ray beam by diffraction is similar to spectrum analysis carried out with a diffraction grating.




31. The crystal used as X-ray grating has _______ dimensional lattice arrays.




32. Which of the following can be done to avoid loss of intensities of X-rays due to the absorption of long wavelength X-rays?




33. In curved crystal arrangement, angular velocity of the crystal is twice that of the detector.




34. Which of the following is the disadvantage of silicon semiconductor detector?




35. In total reflection X-ray fluorescence spectrometer, the specimen is excited by the primary X-ray beam at a grazing angle _______ the critical angle.




36. The x-ray beam produced by the primary x-ray tube passes through which of the following components to produce the incident radiation?




37. Which of the following crystals are polished to act as the cut-off reflector?




38. The suppression of high energy bremsstrahlung radiation improves which of the following?




39. Which of the following components are used as the sample carrier?




40. Which of the following devices are used as a detector?




41. Which of the following happens when a large solid angle is intercepted as the detector is placed close to the sample?




42. To monitor the primary beam, which of the following is used?




43. The major problem associated with sample preparation is which of the following?




44. Computer-controlled corrective iteration is the only reliable method of matrix effects correction.




45. In computer-controlled corrective iteration method, which of the following is used to estimate absorption corrections?




46. Total reflection X-ray fluorescence spectrometer is attractive for elements which lack reliable wet chemical methods.




47. Which of the following is not a type of optics employed in electron probe microanalyser?




48. The electron optics consists of an electron gun followed by which of the following components?




49. The specimen is mounted inside which of the following components?




50. The electrons are accelerated by voltages in which of the following ranges?




51. Electron probe microanalyser is a method of destructive elemental analysis.




52. Which of the following is the effective resolution limit in electron probe microanalyser?




53. Micro probe analyser cannot be used on inhomogeneous material.




54. X-ray emission must be analysed against a background of _______ radiation.




55. Which of the following is the limit of detectability of electron microprobe analyser?




56. The alternative method using laser does not analyse vapours by which of the following methods?




57. NMR spectroscopy is used for determining structure in which of the following materials?




58. NMR is the study of the absorption of __________ by nuclei in a magnetic field.




59. NMR spectrometer provides ____________ and _____________ method of determining structure in soluble chemical compounds.




60. NMR spectroscopy indicates the chemical nature of the __________ and spatial positions of _______




61. In NMR spectroscopy, the spinning nuclei in a strong magnetic field must be irradiated by which of the following?




62. Interaction between matter and electromagnetic radiation can be observed by subjecting a substance to magnetic fields in which of the following manner?




63. When energy is absorbed by the sample, the absorption can be observed as a change in signal developed by which of the following components?




64. Which of the following are considered to be the lowest form of Electromagnetic radiation?




65. The amount of energy available in radio frequency radiation is sufficient for which of the following?




66. Nuclei having either the number of protons or neutrons as odd have _______ spin.




67. If the number of protons or neutrons is even the spin of the nucleus will be which of the following?




68. The difference between the field necessary for resonance in the sample and in some arbitrary a chosen compound is which of the following?




69. Chemical shift allows a chemist to obtain the idea of how atoms are joined together.




70. Elementary particles such as electrons and nucleus have the property of spin.




71. Which of the following is not a component of mass spectrometer?




72. Which of the following can be introduced into the ionization chamber directly?




73. Inlet system is also known as which of the following?




74. Which of the following is normally done to convert the sample into the gaseous state?




75. Which of the following probes are used for the introduction of the sample?




76. Which of the following is not a type of ionisation?




77. Mass analyser is similar to which of the following in optical spectrometer?




78. Which of the following is not one of the types of mass analyser?




79. Which of the following is not a type of ion detector used in mass spectrometers?




80. Which of the following is used to inject liquid samples?




81. Under which of the following temperatures is the ionisation chamber maintained?




82. Which of the following is not a characteristic of nebulizers that are commonly used?




83. In glow discharge ion source, the sample is atomised by which of the following process?




84. Which of the following produces the electron beam in magnetic deflection mass spectrometer?




85. In magnetic deflection mass spectrometer, in which of the following ways is acceleration applied to the direction of motion?




86. Direct focussing is obtained by deflecting the ion beam along a _________ trajectory through the magnetic field.




87. Which of the following separate the ions according to their mass-to-charge?




88. Mattauch-Herzog geometry involves a deflection of which of the following radians in a radial electrostatic field analyser?




89. Which of the following leads to the limitation of resolution?




90. The electric sector field is not subject to hysteresis.