R4RIN – MCQs, Mock Tests | Biology Biology MCQS[NEET-2021 to 2022]-CELL STRUCTURES AND FUNCTION mcq for competitive exams

Cell theory states

1. All cells are living
2. All cells have nucleus
3. Cells are fundamental structural unit of living organisms
4. Cell reproduce by mitosis and meiosis

✅ Correct Answer: 3

Omnis cellula e cellula is generalisation given by

1. Lamarck
2. Dutrochet
3. Leeuwenhoek
4. Virchow

✅ Correct Answer: 4

Detoxification of lipid soluble drugs and other harmful compounds in ER is carried out by cytochrome

1. C
2. a1-a2
3. b - f
4. P450

✅ Correct Answer: 4

On hydrolysis, nucleoside does not yield

1. Phosphoric acid.
2. Pentose sugar.
3. Purines.
4. Pyramidine.

✅ Correct Answer: 1

Read the following statements: (i) The polysaccharides made up of glucose monomers are cellulose, glycogen and starch. (ii) Fructose is the sweetest natural sugar. (iii) Glycine is the simplest am

1. Four
2. Five
3. Three
4. Two

✅ Correct Answer: 1

Destructive effect of high temperature on enzyme action is due to

1. Formation of linkage between apoenzyme and its cofactor
2. Acceleration of reverse reaction
3. Destructive of tertiary and quaternary structure of enzymes
4. All of these

✅ Correct Answer: 3

The term cell was coined by

1. Robert hooke
2. Schwann
3. Tatum
4. de Bary

✅ Correct Answer: 2

The cell theory is not applicable to

1. Virus
2. Fungi
3. Bacteria
4. Algae

✅ Correct Answer: 1

Semiautonomous organelle in the cell is

1. Chloroplasts
2. Peroxisomes
3. Gogibodies
4. ER

✅ Correct Answer: 1

The membrane around the vacuole is called

1. Cytoplast
2. Tonoplast
3. Amyloplast
4. elaioplast

✅ Correct Answer: 2

Identify the non -membraneous organelle from the following

1. Nucleus
2. Chloroplasts
3. ER
4. Ribosomes

✅ Correct Answer: 4

The hormone adrenaline is formed from __________ amino acids

1. Tyrosine
2. Glycine
3. Alanine
4. Tryptophan

✅ Correct Answer: 1

Microfilaments are composed mainly of a protein called

1. Tubulin
2. Actin
3. Myosin
4. Chitin

✅ Correct Answer: 2

Experiments demonstrating the importance of the nucleus in controlling the growth of the cell was performed in

1. Neurospora
2. Star fish
3. Acetabularia
4. Leucocytes

✅ Correct Answer: 3

Statement 1: Competitive inhibitor is also called substrate analogue. Statement 2: It resembles the enzyme in structure.

1. Both statements -1 and statement - 2 are true and statement - 2 is the corr
2. Both statements -1 and statement - 2 are true but statement - 2 is not the
3. Statement -1 is true and statement - 2 is false.
4. Statement -1 is false and statement - 2 is true.

✅ Correct Answer: 3

Which of the following is associated with the structure of Golgicomplex ?

1. Quatasomes
2. Annuli
3. Cristae
4. None of the above

✅ Correct Answer: 4

The subunit of prokaryotic ribosomes are

1. 60 S+40 S
2. 60 S+30 S
3. 50 S+30 S
4. 70 S+30 S

✅ Correct Answer: 3

Match the following: Column I Column II a. Transport protein 1. Insulin b. Regulatory protein (Hormone) 2. Enzymes c. Sensory or receptor protein 3. Antibody d. Protective protein (Defence) 4. Ro

1. a= 6; b= 1; c = 4; d= 3; e= 5; f= 2; g= 7
2. a= 6; b= 1; c = 4; d= 3; e= 2; f= 5; g= 7
3. a= 6; b= 4; c = 1; d= 3; e= 5; f= 2; g= 7
4. a= 6; b= 4; c = 1; d= 3; e= 2; f= 5; g= 7

✅ Correct Answer: 1

Plant cell wall mainly composed of

1. Starch
2. Protien
3. Carbohydrates
4. Cellulose

✅ Correct Answer: 4

Smooth endoplasmic reticulam is the site of

1. Carbohydrates synthesis
2. Protien synthesis
3. Lipid synthesis
4. Amino acid synthesis

✅ Correct Answer: 3

In higher plants, the shape of the chloroplast is

1. Cup shaped
2. Girdle shaped
3. Ribbon shaped
4. Discoid

✅ Correct Answer: 4

The main function of Centrosome is

1. Formation of spindle fibre
2. Osmoregulation
3. Protien synthesis
4. Secretion

✅ Correct Answer: 1

Assembly of two subunits 40 S and 60 S of the ribosome is

1. 100S unit
2. 80S unit
3. 70A unit
4. 90S unit

✅ Correct Answer: 2

Which of the following is a semi-autonomous organelle ?

1. Mitochondria
2. Chloroplasts
3. Both A&B
4. Mitochondria, chloroplasts and ribosomes

✅ Correct Answer: 3

Who coined the term mitochondria

1. Kolliker
2. Flemming
3. Altman
4. Benda

✅ Correct Answer: 4

Myocardial muscle cells have numerous large mitochondria called as

1. myosomes
2. myocardial mitochondrions
3. mitosomes
4. sarcosomes

✅ Correct Answer: 4

The number of mitochondria in a cell depends

1. pH of the cell
2. Shape of the cell
3. Both A&B
4. Functional state of cell

✅ Correct Answer: 4

Which of the following statements are true about mitochondria

1. Mitochondria has two envelopes
2. Inner membrane is not permeable
3. Outer membrane has porin protein channels
4. All of the above

✅ Correct Answer: 4

Choose the correct statement

1. All proteins have 20 amino acids
2. Both ends of protein are similar
3. All proteins are soluble
4. Proteins are formed by peptide bonds

✅ Correct Answer: 4

Cristae are

1. The membraneous infoldingâ€™s of the outer membrane of mitochondria
2. the jelly like central matrix of mitochondria
3. The membraneous infoldingâ€™s of the inner membrane of mitochondria
4. enzymes located on the inner mitochondrial membrane

✅ Correct Answer: 3

Which of the following element is present in very less quantity in the body

1. K
2. Ca
3. Mg
4. Cu

✅ Correct Answer: 4

F0-F1 particles meant for ATP synthesis are present on

1. outer mitochondrial membrane attached to the cytosolic or C face
2. inner mitochondrial membrane attached to the Matrix or M face
3. inner mitochondrial membrane attached to the cytosolic or C face
4. outer mitochondrial membrane attached to the Matrix or M face

✅ Correct Answer: 3

Which of the following stain is used to visualise mitochondrion

1. Acetocarmine
2. Haematoxylin
3. Orange G
4. Janus green

✅ Correct Answer: 4

Which of the following is the histochemical marker for mitochondrial inner membrane

1. monoamine oxidase
2. cytochrome oxidase
3. malate dehydogenase
4. adenylate kinase

✅ Correct Answer: 2

Coenzyme is ....

1. Often a vitamin
2. Always an inorganic compound
3. Always a protein
4. Often a metal

✅ Correct Answer: 1

Mitoplast are

1. mitochondrial plastids
2. mitochondria without inner membrane
3. mitochondria without outer membrane
4. mitochondria without membranes

✅ Correct Answer: 3

Energy is stored in liver and muscles as ...

1. Fat
2. Protein
3. Glycogen
4. Glucose

✅ Correct Answer: 3

Who got Nobel Prize in 1978 for working on enzymes? ..

1. Koshland
2. Arber and Nathans
3. Nass and Nase
4. H.G. Khorana

✅ Correct Answer: 2

Which of the following statements are incorrect regarding ER?

1. The adipose tissue has both SER and RER
2. RBC lacks both RER and SER
3. Plasma cells has RER only
4. Hepatocytes has both RER and SER

✅ Correct Answer: 1

The term â€˜ endoplasmic reticulumâ€™ was coined by

1. Pomaret
2. Johnson
3. Porter
4. Reinert

✅ Correct Answer: 3

Match the column ... .... [ kerala 2010] a) Sulphur 1. Chlorophyll b) Zinc 2. Nitrogenase c) Magnesium 3. Methionine d) Molybdenum 4. Auxin

1. a - 1, b - 2, c - 3, d -
2. a - 3, b - 4, c - 1, d - 2
3. a - 3, b - 1, c - 2, d - 4
4. a - 2, b - 4, c- 1, d - 3

✅ Correct Answer: 2

Which of the following organelles has a continuous connection with nuclear membrane

1. Golgibodies
2. RER
3. SER
4. Lysosomes

✅ Correct Answer: 2

Enzymes having slightly different molecular structure but performing identical activity are ...

1. Homoenzymes
2. Isoenzymes
3. Apoenzymes
4. Coenzymes

✅ Correct Answer: 2

In RER, ribosomes are located on

1. the cytoplasmic side
2. on the luminal side
3. all through out
4. Both A and B

✅ Correct Answer: 1

SER is involved in

1. Phospholipid biosynthesis and detoxification reaction
2. Phospholipid biosynthesis
3. Protien synthesis
4. Phospholipid biosynthesis and protein synthesis

✅ Correct Answer: 1

Chitin occurs in ...

1. Crab
2. caterpillar
3. Agaricus
4. All the above

✅ Correct Answer: 3

SER in the retinal cells are called as

1. Amyloid bodies
2. Myeloid bodies
3. Retinal reticulam
4. Sarcoplasmic reticulum

✅ Correct Answer: 2

Glucose is stored as glycogen in ...

1. Pancreas
2. Bone
3. Kidney
4. Liver

✅ Correct Answer: 4

The functions of RER include

1. Protein synthesis and post translational modification
2. Protein synthesis and phospholipid biosynthesis
3. Protein synthesis
4. Protein synthesis and detoxification

✅ Correct Answer: 1

Which of the following statements are true regarding endoplasmic reticulum

1. SER is involved in synthesis of lipids
2. ER provides structural framework to the cell
3. ER acts as an intracellular transporting system
4. All of the above

✅ Correct Answer: 4

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum is called â€˜roughâ€™ because

1. rough texture of the surface
2. surface is studded with membrane proteins
3. surface is studded with ribosomes
4. All of these

✅ Correct Answer: 3

RER is involved in the synthesis of

1. Membrane proteins and secretory proteins and nuclear proteins
2. Membrane proteins, secretory proteins and lysosomal proteins
3. Different proteins of the cell
4. Membrane proteins and secretory proteins

✅ Correct Answer: 4

Which of the following organelle is involved in xenobiotic detoxification

1. SER
2. RER
3. Lysosome
4. Golgi bodies

✅ Correct Answer: 1

Protein glycosylation occurs in the

1. lumen of lysosomes
2. lumen of smooth endoplasmic reticulum
3. lumen of rough endoplasmic reticulum
4. lumen of mitochondria

✅ Correct Answer: 3

Ribophorins are

1. transmembrane glycoprotein on RER
2. luminal proteins on RER
3. luminal proteins on SER
4. transmembrane glycoprotein on SER

✅ Correct Answer: 1

The most essential of the fatty acids is ...

1. Arachidonic acid
2. Linolenic acid
3. Linoleic acid
4. Oleic acid

✅ Correct Answer: 3

Most abundant component of cell is

1. Protein
2. Water
3. Cellulose
4. Lipid

✅ Correct Answer: 2

Which one is a fibrous protein? ...

1. Collagen
2. Globulin
3. Haemoglobin
4. Hordein

✅ Correct Answer: 1

All enzymes are proteins". This statement is now modified because of exception to this

1. Arylsulphate
2. Ribozyme
3. Nitroreductase
4. Dehydrogenase

✅ Correct Answer: 2

Energy currency/coin of cell is ....

1. ATP
2. NAD
3. ADP
4. GDP

✅ Correct Answer: 1

Which is not a protein ...

1. Trypsin
2. Collagen
3. Rubisco
4. N-Acetylglucosamine

✅ Correct Answer: 4

Enzyme are polymers of ...

1. Fatty acids
2. Amino acids
3. Hexose sugar
4. Inorganic phosphate

✅ Correct Answer: 2

Living cell contains 60-75% water. Water present in human body is ...

1. 60-65%
2. 50-55%
3. 75-80%
4. 65-70%

✅ Correct Answer: 4

NAD is ...

1. Nicotinamide adenosine diphosphate
2. Nicotine adenosine phosphate
3. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
4. None of the above

✅ Correct Answer: 3

Which of the following groups has cell wall

1. Bacteria and plants
2. Bacteria, fungi and plants
3. Bacteria, fungi, plants and animals
4. Bacteria, plant and animals

✅ Correct Answer: 2

Two polypeptide chains are joined by hydrogen bonds to produce ...

1. α-helix
2. Tertiary structure
3. β-pleated sheet
4. All the above

✅ Correct Answer: 3

Bacterial cell wall is made up of

1. N-acetyl glucosamine
2. N-acetyl muramic acid
3. Both a and b
4. N-acetyl glucosamine, N-acetyl muramic acid and amino acids

✅ Correct Answer: 4

Which is not true of enzymes? ...

1. They are specific
2. They are made of globular proteins
3. Enzymes are most active at maximum temperature
4. They are most active at optimum temperature

✅ Correct Answer: 3

Which of the following statements are not true regarding cell wall

1. Plant cell wall is made up of cellulose
2. Cell wall provides mechanical support to the cell
3. Cell was is semi-permeable
4. Plant cell wall is a non-living structure

✅ Correct Answer: 3

Enzymes enhance rate of reaction by ...

1. Combining with product
2. Forming reactant product complex
3. Changing equilibrium of reaction
4. Lowering activation energy

✅ Correct Answer: 4

Plant cell wall is made up of

1. Cellulose, hemicelluloses and pectin
2. Cellulose, hemicelluloses and chitin
3. Cellulose only
4. Cellulose and chitin

✅ Correct Answer: 1

Nicotine and cocaine are ....

1. Peptides
2. Tannins
3. Alkaloids
4. Resin

✅ Correct Answer: 3

Chitinous cell wall is present in

1. Plant
2. Bacteria
3. Protists
4. Fungi

✅ Correct Answer: 4

Which is not correct? ...

1. All enzymes are biocatalysts
2. All proteins are enzymes
3. All enzymes are proteins
4. All enzymes are thermolabile

✅ Correct Answer: 2

Pectin is stained using

1. Iodine
2. Ruthenium red
3. acetocrmine
4. Sudan III

✅ Correct Answer: 2

Cellulose is a polymer of D-glucose units joined by

1. α−1,4 glycosidic linkage
2. β−1,6 glycosidic linkage
3. β−1,4 glycosidic linkage
4. peptide linkage.

✅ Correct Answer: 2

Feedback inhibition is caused by blocking of enzymes by ... .

1. Accumulated end products
2. Chemicals produced by hormones
3. Hormones
4. Competitive inhibition

✅ Correct Answer: 1

Chlorzinc Iodide is used to stain

1. Cellulose
2. Lignin
3. Pectin
4. Hemicellulose

✅ Correct Answer: 1

Which of the following pair is monosaccharide? ...

1. Glucose and Fructose
2. Glucose and Sucrose
3. Ribose and Maltose
4. Ribose and Sucrose

✅ Correct Answer: 1

Middle lamella is made up of pectin. Pectin is chemically

1. Polymer of D-glucose units
2. Glucoronic and galacturonic acid
3. Heteropolymer of xylose, mannose and arabinose
4. N-acetyl glucosamine and N-acetyl muramic acid

✅ Correct Answer: 2

Calcium is required for functioning of enzyme ...

1. Fumarase
2. ATP-ase
3. Succinate thiokinase
4. Isocitrate dehydrogenase

✅ Correct Answer: 3

Which of the following is a aromatic polymer of phenols

1. Cutin
2. Lignin
3. Chitin
4. Pectin

✅ Correct Answer: 2

Which is not a trait of enzymes? ...

1. Proteinaceous nature
2. Specific in nature
3. Speed up ate of biochemical reaction
4. Used up in reaction

✅ Correct Answer: 4

Fine cytoplasmic connections between neighbouring cells through the cell wall for cell to cell communication is called

1. Plasmosome
2. Plasmodesmata
3. Mesosome
4. All of these

✅ Correct Answer: 2

Read the statements ... ... [ kerala 2008] i) Element important for production of thyroxine is iodine ii) Vitamin B6 is niacin or nicotinic acid iii) Fructose is a hexose monosaccharide iv) Globul

1. a, b, c are correct, d is wrong
2. a, c are correct, b, d are wrong
3. a, b are correct, c, d are wrong
4. a is correct, b, c d are wrong

✅ Correct Answer: 2

Which of the following organelle is involved in cell wall synthesis

1. Mitochondria
2. Golgi apparatus
3. lysosome
4. Chloroplast

✅ Correct Answer: 2

A fatty acid not synthesised in human body i

1. Cholesterol
2. Linoleic acid
3. Glycerol
4. None of the above

✅ Correct Answer: 2

A storage protein is ...

1. Keratin
2. Collagen
3. Haemoglobin
4. Glutelin/Globulin

✅ Correct Answer: 4

The form in which sugar is present in sugarcane ...

1. Maltose
2. Sucrose
3. Fructose
4. Glucose

✅ Correct Answer: 2

Which of the following statements are true regarding cellulose synthesis

1. Cellulose is synthesized on the external surface of the cell
2. The enzyme involved is a plasma membrane bound complex called cellulose syn
3. UDP glucose is the precursor of cellulose
4. All of these

✅ Correct Answer: 4

Temperature is increased from 3Â° to 40Â°. The rate of enzyme controlled biochemical reaction will ...

1. Not change
2. Increase
3. Increase initially and then decrease
4. Decrease

✅ Correct Answer: 3

Secondary cell wall of plants is

1. Located outside the primary wall
2. Located inside the plasma membrane
3. Located inside the primary wall
4. Located just beneath middle lamellae

✅ Correct Answer: 3

Base pairs present in one turn of DNA are

1. 12
2. 11
3. 10
4. 9

✅ Correct Answer: 3

Coenzyme is often a ... ..

1. Carbohydrate
2. Protein
3. Vitmin
4. Fatty acid

✅ Correct Answer: 3

Steroid hormones have receptors predominantly on

1. cell surface
2. Cytoplasm
3. both cell surface and cytoplasm
4. inside nucleus only

✅ Correct Answer: 2

A nucleotide is ...

1. Sugar + Phosphate
2. Base + Sugar + Phosphate
3. base + Sugar - OH
4. (Base + Sugar+Phosphate)n

✅ Correct Answer: 2

The major biomolecule responsible for selective uptake of materials across plasma membrane

1. Protein
2. Carbohydrate
3. Lipids
4. Phospholipids

✅ Correct Answer: 1

The longer the fatty acid chain, fluidity of the lipid bi layer

1. increases
2. decreases
3. no change in fluidity
4. none of the above

✅ Correct Answer: 2

Select the correct answer from the following statements ... ..1) Cutin is fatty acid polymer2) Starch is glucose polymer3) Sucrose is monosaccharide4) Maltose is polymer of fructos

1. 1, 2, 3 are correct
2. 1 and 2 are correct
3. 2 and 4 are correct
4. 1 and 3 are correct

✅ Correct Answer: 2